(Image: [[https://i.pinimg.com/originals/26/96/93/2696937162ddd8b12be5d7f9ff548c43.jpg|https://i.pinimg.com/originals/26/96/93/2696937162ddd8b12be5d7f9ff548c43.jpg]])The eye-tracking device (ETD) is a headmounted gadget, designed for measurement of 3D eye and head movements under experimental and natural circumstances. The tracker permits complete measurement of eye movement (three degrees of freedom) and optionally head movement (six levels of freedom). It represents a [[https://hwekimchi.gabia.io/bbs/board.php?bo_table=free&tbl=&wr_id=1058411|iTagPro device]] for the investigation of sensorimotor behaviour, notably of the vestibular and oculomotor methods in both well being and illness. It was initially developed by the German Space Agency (DLR) to be used on the International Space Station (ISS) and was uploaded to the station as part of the joint European / Russian house programme in early 2004. The device was designed by Prof. Dr. Andrew H. Clarke (Vestibular Lab, Charité Berlin) along with the companies Chronos Vision and Mtronix in Berlin and built-in for house utilisation by the Munich-based company Kayser-Threde. In the primary set of experiments, carried out by Prof. Clarke’s staff in cooperation with the Moscow Institute for Biomedical Problems, the attention Tracking Device was used for the measurement of Listing's aircraft - a coordinate framework, which is used to define the motion of the eyes in the top.



The scientific objective was to determine how Listing’s aircraft is altered under numerous gravity circumstances. Specifically the influence of lengthy-duration microgravity on board the ISS and of the subsequent return to Earth’s gravity was examined. The findings contribute to our understanding of neural plasticity in the vestibular and oculomotor programs. These experiments were commenced within the spring 2004 and  [[http://www.infinitymugenteam.com:80/infinity.wiki/mediawiki2/index.php/User:ShoshanaHamblin|iTagPro device]] continued till late 2008 with a collection of cosmonauts and astronauts, who each spent six months on board the ISS. Examination of the orientation of Listing's airplane throughout the course of a chronic space mission is of explicit curiosity, as on Earth the Listing’s airplane appears to be dependent on enter from the vestibular system i.e. detected by the pinnacle place with relation to gravity. By exposing the astronaut to the weightlessness of area, this experiment can comply with the next adaptation of the astronaut’s vestibular system through the flight and after returning to Earth.



The key question in this experiment is to what extent the orientation of Listing’s plane is altered by the adaptation of the vestibular system to weightlessness,  [[https://kcosep.com/2025/bbs/board.php?bo_table=free&wr_id=3195309&wv_checked_wr_id=|luggage tracking device]] or beneath gravitational levels lower than or larger than those of Earth. A further question is whether the physique compensates for the missing inputs from the vestibular system by substituting other mechanisms during lengthy-time period spaceflight. The ETD was employed for this research all through the period from 2004 to 2008. During every six-month increment the experimental procedure was carried out at common three-week intervals so that the adaptation to microgravity may very well be evaluated. In addition equivalent measurements have been made over the initial weeks after the return to Earth of each cosmonaut or astronaut. Within the meantime the ETD equipment stays on the ISS as a normal goal instrument. It is presently in use by a bunch of Russian scientists from the Institute for Biomedical Problems,  [[https://medifore.co.jp/bbs/board.php?bo_table=free&wr_id=4640637|iTagPro device]] who're analyzing eye and head movement coordination in microgravity.
[[//www.youtube.com/embed/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XmrAy8ZKQIM/hq720.jpg?sqp=-oaymwEnCOgCEMoBSFryq4qpAxkIARUAAIhCGAHYAQHiAQoIGBACGAY4AUAB\u0026rs=AOn4CLC1ZKV6nN8z7M8_nbLqzqy-kjOCrA|external frame]]


(Image: [[https://freestocks.org/fs/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/iphone_x_in_female_hands-1024x683.jpg|https://freestocks.org/fs/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/iphone_x_in_female_hands-1024x683.jpg]])Digital eye-tracking cameras - designed around state-of-the-art CMOS picture sensors - are interfaced to a devoted processor board in the host Pc through bi-directional,  [[https://shaderwiki.studiojaw.com/index.php?title=Using_NMAP_For_Device_Tracking_Presence_Detection_In_Residence_Assistant|ItagPro]] high speed digital transmission links (400 Mbit/s). This PCI plug-in board carries the front-finish processing structure, consisting of digital signal processors (DSP) and programmable logic devices (FPGA) for binocular, on-line image and  [[https://nekkham.ac.th/?p=1542|iTagPro device]] signal acquisition. For the attention tracking job, a considerable information reduction is carried out by the sensor and the front-end processing. Thus, only preselected information are transferred from the image sensor  [[http://wiki.die-karte-bitte.de/index.php/Benutzer_Diskussion:AllanW25172621|ItagPro]] by to the host Pc where the final algorithms and information storage are applied. This eliminates the bottleneck attributable to customary body-by-body picture acquisition, and thus facilitates significantly larger picture sampling rates. This processing structure is built-in right into a ruggedised, IBM compatible Pc, which permits visualisation of the eyes and the corresponding signals. An essential design characteristic is the digital storage of all image sequences from the cameras as digital information on exchangeable exhausting disk. After completion of each ISS mission, the arduous disk containing the recordings is returned to Earth. This ensures complete and dependable image processing evaluation within the investigators’ lab and minimises the time required for the experiment on the ISS. In parallel to the house-qualified model of the attention Tracker a commercially out there mannequin has been manufactured by the company Chronos Vision in Berlin and is installed in lots of laboratories in Europe, North America and Asia, the place it represents an important instrument for the examination of numerous neurophysiological phenomena. Using excessive body fee CMOS sensors for 3-dimensional eye tracking. Clarke, A.H.; Steineke, C.; Emanuel, H. "High image charge eye movement measurement" (PDF).



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